Linux File Permissions | chmod command in numeric mode

View directory permission with ls command.
```
ls -l dirName
```
View file permission with ls command.
```
ls -l fileName
```
Some examples of how to use the chmod command in numeric mode:
```
chmod 644 fileName
```
To recursively operate on all files and directories under the given directory, use the -R option:
```
chmod -R 755 dirName
```
Recursive file own
```
chown -R vmail:vmail /var/vmail
```

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Linux File Permissions | chmod command in numeric mode | chown