Dev {Tricks}

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How to Add Swap Space/file on CentOS 7 and CentOS 8

Before You Begin

check if your CentOS installation already has swap enabled by typing:

swapon –show

Empty output means that your system does not have swap enabled. Otherwise, swap enabled. Note that you may have multiple swap partitions and/or files.

Creating a Swap Partition

Creating a Swap File

 

First, create a file which will be used as swap space 1GB:

fallocate -l 1G /swapfile

If the fallocate utility is not available

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=1048576

Ensure that only the root user can read and write the swap file

chmod 600 /swapfile

Next, set up a Linux swap area on the file:

mkswap /swapfile

Run the following command to activate the swap:

swapon /swapfile

Make the change permanent by opening the /etc/fstab file:

vi /etc/fstab

and pasting the following line:

/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

Verify that the swap is active

swapon –show

or

free -h

Adjusting the Swappiness Value

Swappiness can have a value between 0 and 100. A low value will make the kernel to try to avoid swapping

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

To set the swappiness value to 10

sysctl vm.swappiness=10

To make this parameter persistent across reboots append the following line to the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

vm.swappiness=10

Removing a Swap File #

Start by deactivating the swap space by typing:

sudo swapoff -v /swapfile

Next, remove the swap file entry /swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0 from the /etc/fstab file.

Finally, delete the actual swapfile file with rm :

sudo rm /swapfile

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Disk Usage Check | CWP | CWPpro

In most cases, full disk space usage on a server is caused by backups or logs but it can be also many other things.
Lets find out the cause and fix it.
List partitions and usage

df -h

Check Disk Usage per User

repquota -a -s

Show only accounts with usage in Gbytes

repquota -a -s | grep G

Check Disk Usage per Partition ignoring links
* You can replace /home with the parition or folder you want to check
Let’s check /home partition

du -hx --max-depth 1 /home

Show only folders with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /home | grep G

Check /var partition

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var

Show only folders with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var | grep G

Check Mail folder /var/vmail

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var/vmail

Show only folders with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var/vmail | grep G

Check MySQL folder /var/lib/mysql

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var/lib/mysql

Show only folders with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /var/lib/mysql | grep G

Check Backups

du -hx --max-depth 1 /backup

Show only folders with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /backup | grep G

Show only daily backup folder with usage in Gbytes

du -hx --max-depth 1 /backup/daily | grep G

Now when you know how to check the partitions and folders here are some useful commands to check files in the folder sorted by size:

ls -lahS /folder/location

Example for MySQL folder /var/lib/mysql/

ls -lahS /var/lib/mysql/

Some useful scripts we already have are checking the most frequent folders:
/var/log/
/usr/local/apache/logs/
/usr/local/apache/domlogs/
/usr/local/cwpsrv/logs/
/tmp
/root
/var/lib/mysql/

/scripts/disk_check

Delete Files
Now when you know how to check, the question is how can you delete or empty files.
Note that you shouldn’t delete files other than logs or backups as all others can crash your server.

Log files are in use by the programs so in case you want to clean big active log files you can’t just delete them as they will remain invisible until you restart the service.
The solution is to empty the file, example:

:> /usr/local/apache/logs/access_log

However all other logs files you can simply delete, examples

rm -f  filename

An example case when you have active log files and logrotated which are not active and are renamed with -DATE

Delete single log file NOT currently in use by service

rm -f /var/log/maillog-20211108

Delete all maillog files NOT currently in use by service

rm -f /var/log/maillog-*

Empty active log file which is in use by the service

:> /var/log/maillog

* If you are not sure it’s better to grab a support service and have the experienced sysadmin to check this for you.

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How to clean all log files in CWP or CWP Pro | Control Web Panel

CWP – Delete All Log Files

First create a file in /root dir :

cd /root
vi clearlog.sh

Then paste this Bash script and save it by press ctrl+x:

#!/bin/bash

truncate -s 0 /usr/local/apache/logs/*bytes
truncate -s 0 /usr/local/apache/logs/*log
truncate -s 0 /usr/local/apache/domlogs/*bytes
truncate -s 0 /usr/local/apache/domlogs/*log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/messages
truncate -s 0 /var/log/maillog
truncate -s 0 /var/log/*log
truncate -s 0 /opt/alt/*/usr/var/log/php-fpm.log
truncate -s 0 /usr/local/cwpsrv/logs/access_log
truncate -s 0 /usr/local/cwpsrv/logs/error_log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cron
truncate -s 0 /var/log/secure
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cwp/services_action.log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cwp/cwp_sslmod.log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cwp/cwp_cron.log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cwp/cwp_backup.log
truncate -s 0 /var/log/cwp/activity.log
rm -rf /var/log/maillog-*
rm -rf /var/log/monit.log-*
rm -rf /var/log/spooler-*
rm -rf /var/log/messages-*
rm -rf /var/log/secure-*
rm -rf /var/log/pureftpd.log-*
rm -rf /var/log/yum.log-*
rm -rf /var/log/monit.log-*
rm -rf /var/log/cron-*

Change the permission :

chmod 755 /root/clearlog.sh

Now run this command to run the clear log script:

sh /root/clearlog.sh

Thats it the logs will be cleared you can go and check to the respected locations of the log.

Cron Job :

You can also create cron job like below by following solution 2 and create this cron job task according to your needs :

TO run DAILY :

0 0 * * * /usr/bin/sh /root/clearlog.sh

TO run Weekly :

0 0 * * 0 /usr/bin/sh /root/clearlog.sh

TO run Monthly:

0 0 1 * * /usr/bin/sh /root/clearlog.sh

That’s All!
It will save lot’s of space.

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nginx free WAF error while using nginx 1.23 and above | aaPanel

  • nginx: [emerg] “lua_package_path” directive is duplicate in /www/server/panel/vhost/nginx/free_waf.conf:4
    nginx: configuration file /www/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed

Solution:

Nginx 1.23 and above do not support the Nginx free firewall, it is recommended to use nginx 1.22

 

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Migrate aaPanel to New Server using One-Click Migration Tools

  • How to migrate aaPanel account(s) from server A to server B
  • aaPanel settings migration.
  • Cloning aapanel accounts
  • Moving from old error aapanel to new aapanel server
  • How To Migrate Data On aaPanel With 3 Steps
  • How Migrate aaPanel using One-Click Migration API version 3.0
  • ERROR After Migration to AAPANEL

Follow the following steps to migrate aaPanel account(s) easily.

On new Server:

  1. Install aaPanel
  2. Set server configuration same as old server
  3. Update aaPanel to latest version
  4. Click API (Panel Setting) and allow API
  5. Reset API to get new api key and enter whitelist IP (ip address of old server)

On old server:

  1. Update aaPanel to latest version
  2. Install “One-Click Migration”
  3. Open “One-Click Migration” and enter required data
    1. Target panel Addr: Panel address. For example, https://103.81.224.71:7800
    2. Target panel API: API from new server
    3. Select website(s) and database(s)
  4. Just follow the steps and choose which website you want to migrate, then wait for the process, then you’re done