Dev {Tricks}

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Missing vmail Folders .Sent, .Trash, .Drafts, .Junk, and Other

  • Missing Sent, Trash, Drafts, Junk, and Other Folders

Solution: Check whether the dot files are hidden. Make the dot files to show.

Horde

  • Click on the Folder Actions option.
  • Choose the Rebuild Folder List option.
  • Then choose the Show All Mailboxes option.

Roundcube

  • Go to Settings.
  • Click Folders.
  • Re-subscribe to each folder by clicking the check box.

Windows Mail

  • Click IMAP Folders.
  • In the Show/Hide IMAP Folders dialog box, select a folder.
  • Click Show.

Thunderbird

  • In the Folder pane, look for IMAP mail and right-click on it.
  • Go to Settings, click on Server Settings, then select Advanced.
  • Remove the checkmark on Show only Subscribed folders.
  • Click OK.

Microsoft Outlook Express

  • Under Folders on the left side of the screen, select the inbox for your email (NOT the one under Local Folders).
  • Click the Tools menu, then select IMAP Folders.
  • Select the desired folder(s).
  • Click Show.
  • Click OK.

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How to Add and Remove Swap Space on Ubuntu 20.04

Generally, the size of the swap file depends on how much RAM your system has:

  • Less than 2 GB RAM – 2 times the amount of RAM.
  • 2 to 8 GB RAM – the same size as the amount of RAM.
  • More than 8 GB RAM – at least 4 GB of Swap.

Only root or user with sudo privileges can activate the swap file.

1). First, create a file that will be used as swap:

sudo fallocate -l 2G /swapfile

2). Set the file permissions to 600 to prevent regular users to write and read the file:

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

3. Create a Linux swap area on the file:

sudo mkswap /swapfile

4). Activate the swap file by running the following command:

sudo swapon /swapfile

5). To make the change permanent open the /etc/fstab file:

sudo vi /etc/fstab

and paste the following line:

/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

6). Verify that the swap is active by using either the swapon or the free command, as shown below:

sudo swapon --show

and

sudo free -h

Adjusting the Swappiness Value

On Ubuntu, the default swappiness value is set to 60. You can check the current value by typing the following command:

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

While the swappiness value of 60 is OK for most Linux systems, for production servers, you may need to set a lower value.

sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

To make this parameter persistent across reboots, append the following line to the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

vm.swappiness=10

Removing a Swap File

To deactivate and delete the swap file, follow these steps:

1). First, deactivate the swap space:

sudo swapoff -v /swapfile

2). Next, remove the swap file entry from the /etc/fstab file.

/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

3). Finally, remove the actual swapfile file using the rm command:

sudo rm /swapfile

 

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Xauthority does not exist

  • /usr/bin/xauth: file /root/.Xauthority does not exist

Solution

Go into the sshd_config file

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Search and remove the # sign at the beginning of the 3 lines

X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
X11UseLocalhost yes

Then restart sshd

systemctl restart sshd

Exit and login again. You will not get the error.

 

Or

Create n new file: touch ~/.Xauthority

Log out and login in again.

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How to Zip and Unzip Files and Directories in Linux

  • Zip Command
  • How to zip files
  • How to zip directory / directories
  • How to Test if a ZIP File is Valid
  • How to unzip a zip
  • How to unzip a zip to a different directory

zip Command

zip OPTIONS ARCHIVE_NAME FILES

To zip one or more files

zip archive-name.zip filename1 filename2 filename3

Create a zip archive of a directory including the content of sub-directories. The -r option allows to traverse the whole directory structure recursively:

To zip one directory including sub-directories.

zip -r archive-name.zip directory-name

To add multiple files and directories in the same archive

zip -r archive-name.zip directory-name1 directory-name2 file1 file2

How to Test if a ZIP File is Valid

unzip -t archive-name.zip

This is useful if you think the zipped file has been damaged or corrupted.

To extract a zip file in the same directory

unzip archive-name.zip

To extract a zip file to a different directory

unzip -d archive-name.zip /path-to-unzip

The –d switch tells the system to put the unzipped files somewhere else.

To overwrite unzipped files/folders

unzip -o archive-name.zip

 

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Migrate Accounts from CWP to CWP

To perform the migration you must follow a few simple steps:

  1. Generate an API Key on your Source CWP server.
    • CWP Settings >> API Manager
      (You can click on the CWP to CWP button and you will have the necessary options selected.)
  2. For the correct operation of this tool you must open port 2304 in the firewall of Source/Destination server.
    • Security >> CSF Firewall
  3. Open SSH port of the destination server if other than 22 in the firewall.
  4. Whitelist destination IP address.

 

Source server (Old Server)

To create a connection to your remote/source CWP server first you must generate an API Key on your Source CWP server, To create an API key/token, use API Manager (CWP Settings >> API Manager). You can click on the CWP to CWP button and you will have the necessary options selected.

Log in to the CWP panel.

  • First check your SSH port

    • Go to Services config > SSH Configuration
    • Or login to terminal and check
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    • Port 2251
    • By default the port is 22, if you did not change it.
    • Then check and open TCP port. Note that you must have to add the port 2304 additionally for migration to done successfully.
  • Go to Dashboard, then click on Firewall
    • You will find “Opened TCP \ UDP ports” on the right sidebar
    • If it is not listed to TCP IN and TCP OUT
    • Go to Firewall Configuration > Main Configuration on top menu of this page
    • This will open Contents of File: /etc/csf/csf.conf
    • Go to #Allow incoming TCP ports and add your port. In my case Port 2251 and extra port for migration 2304
# Allow incoming TCP ports
TCP_IN = "20,21,22,25,53,80,110,143,443,465,587,993,995,2030,2031,2082,2083,2086,2087,2095,2096,2304,2251"

# Allow outgoing TCP ports
TCP_OUT = "20,21,22,25,53,80,110,113,443,2030,2031,2082,2083,2086,2087,2095,2096,587,993,995,2080,2443,2304,2251"
    • Save Changes
    • Go back to dashboard and go to Firewall again to check the port in TCP IN and OUT.
    • If everything ok, restart Firewall from the top of the menu.

  • Go back and add your Destination IP to whitelist.

    • Firewall Whitelist configuration > Add an entry add the Destination IP (New IP) and restart the firewall.
    • Note that if you whitelist IP you need not open port in all cases except Amazon S3, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure or etc.

  • Now lets setup API connection

    • Go to CWP settings and select the option API Manager.
    • On the right top, you will find the button ‘Allow new API access’.
    • Click on it and you will get a popup window with a bunch of options.
      • Short Name: API Name. bdhostit
      • Ip Origin: Destination server IP that you want to authorize this API.
      • Key code: Click on “Generate” and save it somewhere.
        GaKPCAv3qCGpfTd2fr5IQIaxmxCIZjQJKLGgOsGHHltJa4vmpft180kfIzKfbhpB34B9HA
      • Owner: root
      • Format Request: JSON
        Select the JSON format and enable the function for the cwp to cwp move.
      • You can select CWP to CWP option to enable all functions for CWP to CWP migration.
    • Enable Functions for
      • CWP to CWP
      • WHMCS
      • CLUSTER CWP
      • OR
        You can set permission to the API to do the transfer manually.
    • The necessary functions are
      • Account (add, list)
      • Packages (add, list)
      • MySQL Databases (add, list)
      • MySQL Users (add, list)
      • Change of the password (upd)
      • Cronjobs Users (add, upd ).
      • You can add others as well based on your needs.

  • Now you have to create SSK Key

    • Server Settings > SSH Key Generator and then click on Generate new key
    • Test SSH
ssh root@185.215.164.96 -p 6316
ssh root@38.242.204.74 -p 63160 "whoami"

Destination Server (New server)

Log in to the CWP panel

Click on Firewall and Go to Whitelist configuration > Add an entry add the Source IP (Old IP) and restart the firewall.

Now go to User Accounts > CWP to CWP Migration