Error and Fix – Page 2

January 2, 2022 by dev

How to enable and disable dangerous php functions | CWP

How to disable dangerous php functions

PHP switcher :

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /usr/local/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

PHP-CGI selector :

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php53/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php54/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php55/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php56/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php70/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php71/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php72/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php73/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php74/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php80/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini

PHP_FPM Selector :
** Don’t forget to restart php-fpm after changes

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm53/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm53 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm54/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm54 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm55/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm55 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm56/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm56 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm70/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm70 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm71/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm71 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm72/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm72 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm73/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm73 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm74/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm74 restart

echo "disable_functions = exec, system, popen, proc_open, shell_exec, passthru, show_source" > /opt/alt/php-fpm80/usr/php/php.d/disabled_function.ini && service php-fpm80 restart

How to enable back the dangerous php functions

To enable it back, simply delete disabled_function.ini file for the PHP version you want and restart apache/php-fpm.

December 2, 2021 by dev

Postfix Mail Queue

Postfix Mail Queue Management

To view the number of emails in the Postfix mail queue

mailq

Postfix delete mail queue: postsuper command

To delete all emails in the queue

postsuper -d ALL

To remove all mails in the deferred queue

postsuper -d ALL deferred

To remove a particular mail from the queue

postsuper -d mail_id

To remove messages from a particular domain.

mailq | grep xdomain.com | awk {'print $1'} | xargs -I{} postsuper -d {}

To remove all mails from a particular mail id

mailq | tail +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } / testmail@xdomain\.com$/ { print $1 }' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -

To remove all mails which have testmail@xdomain.com in the entire mail.

for id in `postqueue -p|grep '^[A-Z0-9]'|cut -f1 -d' '|sed 's/*//g'`; do postcat -q $id | grep testmail@domain.com && postsuper -d $id; done

To remove all mails which have a particular pattern like “.de”

for id in `postqueue -p|grep '^[A-Z0-9]'|cut -f1 -d' '|sed 's/*//g'`; do postcat -q $id | grep “.de” && postsuper -d $id; done

Postfix queue structure

/var/spool/postfix/maildrop
/var/spool/postfix/hold
/var/spool/postfix/incoming
/var/spool/postfix/active
/var/spool/postfix/deferred
/var/spool/postfix/corrupt

Display the list of Queued mails , deferred mails, and Pending mails

postqueue -p

To Display the mail header and contents

postcat -q “Queue ID”

To check the total number of mails in the queue

postqueue -p | grep -c "^[A-Z0-9]"

To attempt to send one particular mail

postqueue -i “Queue ID”

Force mails on Postfix
To reattempt delivery of all mails in the queue

postqueue -f

October 30, 2021 by dev

How to exclude a specific folder from rewrite rule in htaccess

.htaccess mod_rewrite – how to exclude directory from rewrite rule
Exclude Certain Folders from htaccess Rewrite Rules
How to Exclude Folder from Rewrite Rule in .htaccess

Add the following line above your rule to exclude a directory (for example, journal) from rewrite rule

RewriteRule ^(journal)($|/) - [L]

To exclude multiple folders, use the following condition above your rule

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/(folder1|folder2/.*)$

RewriteRule ^(folder1|folder2)($|/) - [L]

To exclude all existent directories, you will need to use the following condition above your rule

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d

September 11, 2021 by dev

Fix read only fstab

“/ etc/fstab” [readonly]
can’t edit fstab read only
file ‘/ etc/fstab’ is unwritable
Repairing fstab (read only /)

If / etc/fstab is correct, you can simply type:

mount -n -o remount /

But if / etc/fstab is wrong, the device name and possibly the type must have to be given too: e.g.

mount -n -o remount -t extX /dev/sdaX /

Where,
extX is your filesystem type
/dev/sdaX is the partition you want to mount

To see all your available partitions just type ls /dev/[sh]d*.

June 13, 2021 by dev

How to increase memory limit?

Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 123456 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 234567 bytes) in /path/file.php

Usually your php.ini will be located at (XX – PHP version, for example 73):

vi /usr/local/php73/lib/php.ini

or use below trick to find your php.ini would be to ask php itself what it’s using, eg:

/usr/local/bin/php --ini | grep 'Loaded Configuration File'

or another trick to find php.ini

php -i | grep "php.ini"

Now open the php.ini file and edit memory_limit to a higher value.

memory_limit = 8M      ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (8MB)

Save, and then restart apache.

systemctl start httpd.service

CentOS/RHEL (Red Hat) Linux version 7.x or newer specific commands

sudo systemctl restart httpd.service

Alternative way: php.ini per folder

Location of the global server php.ini file is

/usr/local/php/php.ini

Location of the global per account php.ini file is

/home/USERNAME/php.ini

You can also have per folder changes, example:

/home/USERNAME/public_html/website1.com/php.ini
/home/USERNAME/public_html/website2.com/php.ini
/home/USERNAME/public_html/website2.com/myapp/php.ini

How to test php.ini changes?
Simple create phpinfo.php file in the users public_html folder and add the following content in it.

Example location: /home/USERNAME/public_html/phpinfo.php

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Now open url in your browser (Apache restart is NOT needed):

http://your-domain.com/phpinfo.php

PHP.ini values

http://php.net/manual/en/ini.list.php