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How to Resize a Partition using fdisk

Prerequisites

  • Existing partition that you know the name. To check the name, run cat /etc/fstab.
  • The partition you want to resize have to be the last partition on a particular disk.
  • Note that the partition not in use.

Warning

All data will be erased on the partition.

Procedure

Suppose we are re-partitioning /dev/vdb1

  1. Remove the partition from fstab 
    vi /etc/fstab
  2. Unmount the partition 
    umount /dev/vdb1
  3. Run 
    fdisk /dev/vdb1

    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.

    Command (m for help):

 

 

 

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8 common errors that you may have after installing CSF Firewall on Linux CentOS server

  1. *WARNING* Binary location for [CHATTR] [/usr/bin/chattr] in /etc/csf/csf.conf is either incorrect, is not installed or is not executableTo solve this problem, we need to install Ext2 Filesystem Utilities package. Run the following command to install the E2fsprogs package. 
    yum install e2fsprogs
  2. Oops Unable to download Protocol scheme ‘https’ is not supported (IOSocketSSL not installed)If CSF failed to update, then this error occurs. To fix this issue run 
    yum install perl-Crypt-SSLeay perl-Net-SSLeay

    Then try updating CSF.

    csf -u
  3. Oops Unable to download Protocol scheme ‘https’ is not supported (LWPProtocolhttps not installed)
  4. Testing ip_tablesiptable_filter…open3 exec of sbiniptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp –dport 9999 -j ACCEPT failed at usrlocalcsfbincsftest.pl line 144.
  5. *WARNING* Binary location for [SENDMAIL] [/usr/sbin/sendmail] in /etc/csf/csf.conf is either incorrect, is not installed or is not executable*
    WARNING* Missing or incorrect binary locations will break csf and lfd functionality
  6. *WARNING* Binary location for [UNZIP] [usrbinunzip] in etccsfcsf.conf is either incorrect, is not installed or is not executable
  7. *WARNING* URLGET set to use LWP but perl module is not installed, reverting to HTTP::Tiny
  8. *WARNING* Binary location for [HOST] [usrbinhost] in etccsfcsf.conf is either incorrect, is not installed or is not executable

 

 

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how to know file size in linux command

ls command for files
du command for directories

Checking File Size

ls -l filename #Displays Size of the specified file
ls -l * #Displays Size of All the files in the current directory
ls -al * #Displays Size of All the files including hidden files in the current directory
ls -al dir/ #Displays Size of All the files including hidden files in the ‘dir’ directory

Checking Directory size

du -sh directory_name #Gives you the summarized(-s) size of the directory in human readable(-h) format
du -bsh * #Gives you the apparent(-b) summarized(-s) size of all the files and directories in the current directory in human readable(-h) format

For more information see man ls and man du